Ectopic Pregnancy

Definition:

An ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, usually in the fallopian tube. Since the fertilized egg cannot survive outside the uterus, this is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical intervention.

Causes:

• Previous ectopic pregnancy.

• Fallopian tube infections (Pelvic Inflammatory Disease).

• Tubal surgery or scarring.

• Use of fertility treatments or IVF.

• Smoking.

Symptoms:

• Sharp, stabbing abdominal or pelvic pain.

• Vaginal bleeding or spotting.

• Shoulder pain (due to internal bleeding).

• Dizziness, fainting, or shock (if rupture occurs).

Diagnosing:

• Blood tests to measure hCG levels (pregnancy hormone).

• Ultrasound to locate the pregnancy.

• Pelvic examination.

Treatment:

• Medications: Methotrexate is used if detected early to dissolve the pregnancy tissue.

• Surgery: Laparoscopic surgery to remove the ectopic pregnancy or affected fallopian tube.

Prevention Tips:

• Regular gynecological checkups.

• Prompt treatment of infections.

• Avoid smoking and maintain a healthy lifestyle.

Conclusion:

Ectopic pregnancy requires early detection and treatment to prevent complications. Women with a history of ectopic pregnancies should have early pregnancy monitoring.